"El caso Rocío" narrates the making, prosecution and persecution of the film "Rocío", directed by Fernando Ruiz Vergara and released in 1980, which has gone down in history as the first film judicially seized in Spain already in times of democracy and after the repeal of the film censorship in 1977. A choral story that reflects on film censorship, Andalusian culture, and the Spanish Transition.

The film shows the genesis of the El Rocío pilgrimage and unveils the economic, socio-political and religious reasons and interests that nurture the phenomenon.